Q&A: Why is an ancient Greek hero a box office smash?

What do an awkward 22-year-old kid from Queens with a nasty spider bite and a 3,000-year-old Greek war hero have in common?

They’re slaying it at the international movie box office this summer.

Peter Parker is off the wall in “Spider-Man: Brand New Day,” but the odd hero out for the movie industry is a grizzled Greek hero trying to make his way back from the Trojan War, as told by Christoper Nolan, of “Batman” fame.

Last week, Spider-Man teamed with “The Odyssey” for a record-breaking $400 million in box office receipts. In the four weeks since its release, “The Odyssey” has topped a billon dollars, which is not too shabby for a story that’s three millennia old.

But how does a sandal-shod, sword-wielding Greek with the spell-check champion name of Odysseus compete with a web-tossing college kid or a billionaire in a bat suit? UVA Today asked the University of Virginia’s Jacqueline Arthur-Montagne, assistant professor of classics and the John L. Nau III Assistant Professor of the History and Principles of Democracy, for some insight.

Portrait of Jacqueline Arthur-Montagne

Jacqueline Arthur-Montagne is an assistant professor of classics and the John L. Nau III Assistant Professor of the History and Principles of Democracy. (Contributed photo)

Q. What is it about Homer’s “The Odyssey” that makes it resonate with people some 3,000 years after it was written?

A. Well, part of the appeal is that “The Odyssey” is a rollicking adventure tale full of monsters, magic and romance!

On a deeper level, “The Odyssey” captures two complementary impulses of the human experience. The first is the desire to discover and distinguish ourselves by venturing into the unknown. The second is the longing to return home to what is intimately familiar and beloved. We fully inhabit the Homeric imagination, while also reflecting on the times that we, too, have had to face the unfamiliar or decide whether to trust someone we have just met.

Equally powerful is the poem’s recognition that going home is not simple. Odysseus exemplifies how difficult that process can be: the act of leaving changes you. Time also changes those you left behind.

Q. A statue of Homer sits on the Lawn. What role has the classical tradition played in educating citizens and in civic life?

A. Homer’s poetry was central to education from as early a period as we have written evidence of schooling. Children in elite households learned to read and write by copying famous lines of the epics. At the same time, adult men debated the meaning of key passages at drinking parties and in philosophical circles.

Homer was consulted on every topic under the sun, from models of political leadership to proper reverence for the gods, and even about the natural sciences.

Q. How has Homer influenced our own culture?

A. After antiquity, “knowing your Homer” remained an important criterion for shaping the leadership class of Europe and the Americas. Several founding figures of the United States were trained to read Homer in the original Greek; UVA professor emeritus Jon Mikalson is writing a fascinating book about Thomas Jefferson’s command of Greek philology.

Celebrating Our Shared History - VA250
Celebrating Our Shared History - VA250

An equally important part of the story is how communities traditionally excluded from elite education harnessed the classics to advance civil rights and address urgent questions of freedom, justice and humanity. That critical history, as explored by my UVA colleague Angel Adams Parham in her co-authored book, “The Black Intellectual Tradition,” is essential to grasping Homer’s enduring relevance in the 21st century.

Q. Are there lessons that thoroughly modern people can learn from “The Odyssey”?

A. One sneakily Odyssean way to answer might be to say that, rather than distilling eternal lessons, Homer invites each generation to reinterpret the text’s teachings for themselves. In his new translation of “The Odyssey,” UVA alumnus Daniel Mendelsohn identifies Odysseus as “a man … who had so many roundabout ways” – a rendering that gets right at the heart of how hard it is to pass any simple verdict on his behavior or his values.

We all relish Odysseus’ vengeance against the suitors and his restoration of household order in the final books of the poem. But we also have to reckon with the fact that this same man has left Ithaca suspended in a state of political anarchy for 20 years. Some of the men he shoots down in his halls are the kin of the very warriors who followed him to Troy and, ultimately, their ruin. These “roundabout ways” make us confront the moral complexity of the Homeric universe and, of course, our own.

That said, there are several enduring insights. One is the humbling limit of human control over our lives, especially when we are subject to the forces of fate or the intrigues of the gods. Odysseus is about as resourceful a man as ever fought in the Trojan War, but he remains vulnerable to the wrath of Poseidon and the foolishness of his men. Characters in “The Odyssey” can try to communicate with the gods directly or through divination, but there is no way to predict every consequence of one’s actions. This is a defining, if uncomfortable, feature of being mortal.

Q. How can the UVA community connect with “The Odyssey” and other classics?

A. First, I’d invite all students at UVA to take a classics course in our department. In addition to introductory courses like Greek and Roman Civilization, and Greek Myth, we offer ancient Greek and Latin at all levels and teach Homer in the original every spring.

All are welcome to join the classics department for a special lecture by Daniel Mendelsohn, translator of “The Odyssey,” on Sept. 28. We will post updates on the classics department page and Instagram in the coming month.

Media Contacts

Bryan McKenzie

Assistant Editor, UVA Today Office of University Communications